Sports & Games
Sports and Games are most essential for the health and well being of the people. They help the individual to evolve psychologically as well as physically. It is said that a sound mind exists in a sound body.
Good play grounds are essential for the game development infrastructure. Players need these platforms to practice sports skills to professional level and take part in the international and national level matches.
These ground are classified into different levels. Junior, Senior and International Level.
It is very important to develop these grounds to the standards and norms. The ground should be designed keeping in view about the geographical. soil and weather conditions.
Foot Ball Grounds
Football grounds have very specified measurements and these grounds should be developed professionally taking in view the environmental and weather conditions in that particular locality. There are warm season grasses as well as cool season grasses, the choice will depend on the location and accordingly they should be planted, nourished and maintained. The Slope measurements are also very essential for the grounds, entire ground should be designed in such a way that there is proper drainage system and the soil should be fertile.
Drainage layer should be kept underneath the main profile.
Standardised Irrigation system is also essential to good upkeep of the grounds, either popup or rain guns.
The placement of the sprinklers is very crucial, they have to be placed in such a way that they will not interfere and disturb the player, while the match is going on.
In order to maintain such a perfect found it is very essential to have the right equipment like rollers, lawn movers, sprayers. Regular maintained is very essential, like fertilisers, de-weeding, pesticides.
Cricket Grounds
Cricket ground is the platform for the Cricketers. There will be the Outfield and the Pitch.
Pitch is the most important area of the Cricket Playground.
For the perfect pitch construction, proper scientific expertise is needed. There will be three layers in pitch. Bottom is the Drainage layer. 4 Inches Core Sand, 4 Inches Lomo sand and top 8 inches filled with tested clay soil(black cotton soil) It should be tested in the laboratory or red soil
There should a proper slope maintained for the Cricket ground.
Minimum distance of 65 yards to 90yards of boundary should be maintained depending on the ground size.
Irrigation System : Is very essential for the Cricket ground, either popup or rain guns, automation or manual .
Ground Equipment Rollers( Manual and Mechanised),Rollers ( 2Ton, 1Ton, 500KG, 250Kgs) Grass cutters , Lawn Movers ( Rotary & Cylindrical- Manuel and Mechanised) Sprayers
General Maintenance : Regular maintenance is required like Periodical fertiliser application and pesticide spraying and de weeding. , regular moving, pitch preparation.
Cricket Nets
Without regular practice no player can perform to his peak and top form so nets are very essential. Practice Nets are also prepared in the accordance with the real playground standard.
Cricket net should be suitable for practice of the batsman, with enough space for hitting and right length.
The Bowler should also have enough space for the practice and the right lengths.
The wicket keeper should also also be given sufficient space for practicing and keeping. medium face bowler and fast bowler.
All the pactice area should be covered with entire nets or individual nets which are kept on 20feet iron poles.
Academy & Club Level
At Club level should have both nets and grounds with minimum facilities like 4 to 5 nets with different types that are with minimum standards.
Ground should have minimum 3 to 5 pitches at-least two layer method, 4inch sand and 8th inches main profile.
Blak soil or red soil . Outfield should have proper slope, minimum 65 yard boundary to play practice matches. .
It requires ground equipment and regular maintenance.
Grounds & Pitches for National Level
There should be 6 to 8 Nets, structure should be either a single block or entire area.
Pitches should be Three layer method. 4Inch Fine Sand with Mixing of 10 percent clay. 8inch main profile
the soil should to be tested in laboratory, the soil should be suitable for the cricket. The clay content should be between 50 to 70. Silt should be below 30 percent, sand should be below 10-15 Percent.
All nets should be suitable for the junior and national level players.
Grounds : -
These type of grounds should have the state associations who maintained their national team.
The cricket ground has at least 5 to 6 pitches within the square, three layer method-
International Cricket Grounds
International Cricket stadium preparation is a very technical and well planned process that is done over very carefully planned stages. There is a very intricate and precise relation between the location of various parts of the stadium and the placement and the direction of the pitches.
At the stage of design itself it is crucial to decide the placement of the gallery, side screens, VIP Locations, Press Galleries, Player Dressing Rooms etc. Usually pitch is constructed in the direction of north- south, Dressing rooms and Match officials rooms preferably should be constructed in the south, Media, Press and Broadcast crew are placed in the north. Perfect co-ordination between the Architects, Civil Engineers, Cricket Ground Experts who are going to prepare the grounds for the matches before hand will save enormous amount of time and money.
Unlike the other ground preparations, with regard to international grounds, the construction of the establishment around the ground is completed and then once it is finished and decided that no further materials will be brought in to disturb the ground, the ground preparation will begin.
Stages of Ground Construction
There are various methods and of preparing an International cricket ground, the following is the stages of one of the method.
1. Contore Survey
2. Deciding the slope of the ground is based on the size of the ground and is based on the rainfall.
3. Construction of the Square, 7 to 12 Strips , Three layered profile, core sand four inches, fine lomi sand 5 inches
main profile 8 inches clay or red soil
4. Drainage around the square
5. Outfield Construction - Base Drainage Layer, 6mm to 8mm , aggregate 4 inches , Drainage and sprinklers should be started from this layer only.
6. Next 4 inche core sand
7. Next Main profile 70 percent of fine sand and 10% organic manure and reaming 20 percent fertile soil shouldl be mixed well and used as the main profile.
8. Suitable grass should be planted on the top as per the specifications
Once the ground is ready the regular maintenance should be carried out depending on the weather conditions and the health of the grass.